Lindbergh meets Anne Morrow on Latin American good-will tour. Lindbergh marries Anne Morrow. Charles A. The Lindberghs move into their new estate in Hopewell, New Jersey. Charles, Jr. Reporters and souveneir hunters swarm over the Lindbergh estate. The Lindberghs receive their first communication from kidnappers since the crime. Birmingham Alabama USA Birmingham England United Kingdom 6. Birresborn Germany 6. Bisbee Arizona USA 2. Bitburg Germany 1. Bitschhofen Germany 3. Bizani Greece 1.
Bizerte Tunisia 3. Bizerte Tunisia North Africa 1. Blackpool England United Kingdom 1. Black Sea 5. Blaine Washington USA 1. Blantyre Scotland 1. Bled Slovenia Yugoslavia 1.
Bleialf Germany 2. Blizna Poland 4. Block Island 1. Bloomington Illinois USA 1. Bloomington Indiana USA 6. Bludenz Austria 8. Bluefields Nicaragua 7. Blythe ville Arkansas USA 1. Blytheville Arkansas USA 1.
Bogota Colombia 2. Bohemia Czechoslovakia 1. Bois Carre France 1. Bois De Belleau France 1. Bois de Etraye France 1. Boissevain Virginia USA 1. Bolgorad Ukraine 1. Boligee Alabama USA 1. Bolivia Bologna Italy 6. Bombay India 9. Bondi Australia 1. Bone Algeria 2. Bone Algeria now Annaba 1. Bong Son Vietnam 2.
Bonin Islands Japan 2. Bonnevile Utah USA 1. Bonneville Oregon USA 3. Bonn Germany Bonriki Island Pacific Theater 1. Bontoc Philippines 2. Bonvillers France 1. Bordaberry France 1. Bordeaux 1.
Bordeaux France Borinage Belgium 1. Borneo 3. Bornhoeved Germany 1. Bosporus Turkey 1. Boston Massachusetts USA Botswana 2. Bougainville Island Papua New Guinea Bougainville New Guinea 1.
Bougainville Solomon Islands 6. Bouguenais France 1. Bouillon Belgium 1. Boulder Colorado USA 1. Bouligny France 1. Boulogne France 3. Boung Long Cambodia 5. Bradenton Florida USA 1. Braemar Scotland 2. Brandenburg Kentucky USA 1. Bratislava Czechoslovakia 3. Bratislava Slovakia 2. Braunau am Inn Austria 1. Braunschweig Germany 2. Brazil Brazzaville Congo 4. Breinig Germany 1. Bremen Germany Bremerhaven Germany 2.
Bremerton Washington USA 3. Brenner Pass Italy 1. Brenner South Tyrol Italy 1. Bresica Italy 1. Breslau Germany 1. Breslau Poland 1. Brest France Brest Harbour France 4. Bretagne France 1. Bridgehampton Long Island 1. Bridgeport Connecticut USA Bridgeton Maine USA 1. Brighton England United Kingdom 1. Brignoles France 1. Brindisi Italy 1. Brisbane Australia 9. Bristol Connecticut USA 1.
Bristol England United Kingdom 2. Bristol Pennsylvania USA 1. Bristol Virginia USA 1. British Columbia 2. British Columbia Canada 4.
British Malaya 3. Brittany France 1. Brittany France Plouharnel 1. Brno Moravia Czechoslovakia 1. Brockton Massachusetts USA 2. Bromberg Poland 1. Broney France 2. Brookfield Illinois USA 2. Brooklands England United Kingdom 1. Brookline Massachusetts USA 1. Brownsville Pennsylvania USA 1.
Bruceton Pennsylvania USA 1. Bruchsal Germany 8. Bruges Belgium 1. Brunn Czechoslovakia 1. Brunswick Georgia USA 2. Brussels Belgium Brussels Belgium. Bruyeres France Bryansk Russia Soviet Union 2. Buayan Philippines 1. Bucharest Romania Buchenwald Germany Budapest Hungary Buen Eane Vietnam 4.
Buenos Aires Argentina Bu Gia Vietnam 4. Buka Island Papua New Guinea 1. Bulacan Philippines 1. Bulgaria 6. Bulgneville France 1. Buna New Guinea 8. Buonconvento Italy 5. Burbank California USA Burgos Spain 1. Burlington Iowa USA 1. Burlington Vermont USA 1.
Burma Busigny Nord France 1. Bustleton Pennsylvania USA 1. Butgenbach Belgium 4. Buthidaung Burma 4. Butte Montana USA 4. Cabanatuan Philippines 7. Cadiz Ohio USA 2. Caen France Caen Normandy France 1. Cagayan Philippines 3. Caiazzo Italy 1. Cairo Egypt Caizzo Italy 4. Calabria Italy 5. Calais France 6. Calais France St Inglevert Airfield 1. Calcutta India Caldas da Rainha Portugal 2. Caledon Ontario Canada 1.
Calgary Canada 1. Calhoun Alabama USA Cali Colombia 1. California 1. California USA Callander Ontario 1. Calshot Southampton 1. Calvanzano Italy 1.
Calvenzano Italy 2. Camargue France 2. Camarillo California USA 1. Camas Washington USA 1. Cambodia Cambodia Thmar-Pich 1. Cambrai France 3. Cambridge Massachusetts USA Cambridgeshire United Kingdom 1. Camiguin Philippines 1. Cam Lo Vietnam 1.
Campagna Romana Italy 1. Campania Italy 1. Camp Borden, Ontario, Canada 1. Camp Carroll Vietnam 1. Camp Enari Vietnam 2. Camp John Hay Philippines 1. Camp Munsan-Ni Korea 3. Campobello Island Canada 2. Camptonville California USA 1. Cam Ranh bay Vietnam 5.
Cam Ranh Bay Vietnam Canada Canada 1. Canada Niagara Falls 1. Canadian Arctic Archipelago 1. Canary Islands 1. Canberra Australia 1. Candelaria Colombia 8. Canino Italy 2.
Canisy France 1. Cannes France 3. Canoga Park Los Angeles 1. Cantigny France 4. Canton China 9. Canton Illinois USA 1. Canton Ohio USA 1. Canungra Australia 8. Cap Batangan Vietnam 3. Cape Bon Tunisia 1. Cape Horn Chile 1. Capernaum Palestine 1. Cape Town South Africa 1. Cape Zeitlin Mytilene Lesbos Greece 1. Capri Italy 1. Capron Oklahoma USA 1. Capua Italy 7. Caracas Venezuela Caracas Venezuela, 1. Cardiff Wales 1. Cardington England United Kingdom 1. Carency France 1.
Carentan France Carentan Normandy France 1. Caribbean Caribbean Islands 1. Caribbean Sea 3. Carigara Philippines 1. Cario Egypt 1. Carlisle England United Kingdom 2. Carmichael California USA 1. Carmichaels Pennsylvania USA 1. Caroline Island Pacific Ocean 1. Carpathian Mountains 1. Carpathian Mountains Europe 1. Carrara-Massa Italy 1. Carrara Italy 1. Carribean 1. Carrouges France 1.
Carso Italy 1. Cartagena Colombia 2. Cary Illinois USA 3. Casablanca Morocco Casablanca Morocco 1. Casablance Morocco 1. Caserta Italy 5.
Caspian Sea 4. Cassino Italy Casteau Belgium 1. Castel Gandolfo Italy 1. Castellonorato Italy 1. Catalonia Spain 3.
Catania Sicily Italy 1. Catanzaro Italy 1. Caucasus Cavite Philippines 1. Cayenne French Guiana 3. Cebu Philippines 8. These books variously criticize the police for allowing the crime scenes to become contaminated, Lindbergh and his associates for interfering with the investigation, Hauptmann's trial lawyers for ineffectively representing him, and the reliability of the witnesses and the physical evidence presented at the trial. Ludovic Kennedy, in particular, questioned much of the evidence, such as the origin of the ladder and the testimony of many of the witnesses.
A recent book on the case, A Talent to Deceive by British investigative writer William Norris, not only declares Hauptmann's innocence but also accuses Lindbergh of a cover-up of the killer's true identity. The book points the finger of blame at Dwight Morrow, Jr. At least one modern author disagrees with these theories. Jim Fisher, a former FBI agent and professor at Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, has written two books on the subject, The Lindbergh Case and The Ghosts of Hopewell to address, at least in part, what he calls a "revision movement" regarding the case.
In these texts, he provides an interpretation discussing both the pros and cons of the evidence presented at trial. He summarizes his conclusions thus: "Today, the Lindbergh phenomena [sic] is a giant hoax perpetrated by people who are taking advantage of an uninformed and cynical public. In , the truTV television program Forensic Files conducted a re-examination of the physical evidence in the kidnapping using more modern scientific techniques. Baier wrote that Hauptmann "probably" wrote the notes, but Baier said,"Looking at all these findings no definite and unambiguous conclusion can be drawn.
Robert Zorn's book, Cemetery John, proposes that Hauptmann was the foot soldier in a conspiracy with two other German-born men, John and Walter Knoll. Zorn's father, economist Eugene Zorn, had been investigating an incident from his teen years that convinced him he had witnessed the conspiracy being discussed. After the elder Zorn's death, son Robert continued the investigation. The Lindbergh kidnapping represented in the arts.
May Just one day after the Lindbergh baby was discovered murdered, the prolific country recording artist Bob Miller under the pseudonym Bob Ferguson recorded two songs for Columbia on May 13, , commemorating the event. The songs were released on Columbia D with the titles "Charles A. Lindbergh, Jr. June The Opera Theatre of St. Later, the composer reworked some of the music into a chamber work entitled "Falls Flyer. January Agatha Christie was inspired by circumstances of the case when she described the kidnapping of baby girl Daisy Armstrong in her Hercule Poirot novel Murder on the Orient Express, including a parallel of the death of Violet Sharpe.
The author examines several possible solutions and provides considerable support for one. According to this theory which the narrator neither accepts nor rejects , the baby is brought to Germany where he is adopted into a Nazi family and becomes a member of the Hitler Youth, unaware of his true background.
Goo goo. I miss my fly-fly dada. The nervous and disturbed father decides to elaborate the kidnapping as a cover-up. However, Sendak was almost four years old when the child was kidnapped. Edgar includes reference to the Lindbergh kidnapping.
Douglas explores the incident and trial of Hauptmann, then goes further to investigate various theories about who else was likely to have been an accomplice.
Charles A. Lindbergh Jr. Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr. The child's absence was discovered and reported to his parents, who were then at home, at approximately p. After the Hopewell police were notified, the report was telephoned to the New Jersey State Police, who assumed charge of the investigation. During the search at the kidnapping scene, traces of mud were found on the floor of the nursery. Footprints, impossible to measure, were found under the nursery window.
Two sections of the ladder had been used in reaching the window, one of the two sections was split or broken where it joined the other, indicating that the ladder had broken during the ascent or descent. There were no blood stains in or about the nursery, nor were there any fingerprints. Household and estate employees were questioned and investigated.
Colonel Lindbergh asked friends to communicate with the kidnappers, and they made widespread appeals for the kidnappers to start negotiations. Various underworld characters were dealt with in attempts to contact the kidnappers, and numerous clues were advanced and exhausted.
A police conference was then called by the Governor at Trenton, New Jersey, which was attended by prosecuting officials, police authorities, and Government representatives. Various theories and policies of procedure were discussed. Private investigators also were employed by Colonel Lindbergh's attorney, Colonel Henry Breckenridge.
The third ransom note was received by Colonel Lindbergh's attorney on March 8, informing that an intermediary appointed by the Lindberghs would not be accepted and requesting a note in a newspaper. On the same date, Dr. The following day the fourth ransom note was received by Dr. Condon, which indicated he would be acceptable as a go-between.
This was approved by Colonel Lindbergh. About March 10, , Dr. About p. Condon received the fifth ransom note, delivered by Joseph Perrone, a taxicab driver, who received it from an unidentified stranger.
The message stated that another note would be found beneath a stone at a vacant stand, feet from an outlying subway station. This note, the sixth, was found by Condon, as indicated. Following instructions therein, the doctor met an unidentified man, who called himself "John," at Woodlawn Cemetery, near rd Street and Jerome Avenue.
They discussed payment of the ransom money. The stranger agreed to furnish a token of the child's identity. Condon was accompanied by a bodyguard, except while talking to "John. Condon repeated his advertisements, urging further contact and stating his willingness to pay the ransom. A baby's sleeping suit, as a token of identity, and a seventh ransom note were received by Dr.
Condon on March The suit was delivered to Colonel Lindbergh and later identified. Condon continued his advertisements. The eighth ransom note was received by Condon on March 21, insisting on complete compliance and advising that the kidnapping had been planned for a year. On March 29, Betty Gow, the Lindbergh nurse, found the infant's thumb guard, worn at the time of the kidnapping, near the entrance to the estate.
The tenth ransom note, received by Dr. Condon, on April 1, instructed him to have the money ready the following night, to which Condon replied by an ad in the Press. The eleventh ransom note was delivered to Condon on April 2, , by an unidentified taxi driver who said he received it from an unknown man. Condon found the twelfth ransom note under a stone in front of a greenhouse at East Tremont Avenue, Bronx, New York, as instructed in the eleventh note. This amount was handed to the stranger in exchange for a receipt and the thirteenth note, containing instructions to the effect that the kidnapped child could be found on a boat named "Nellie" near Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts.
The stranger then walked north into the park woods. The following day an unsuccessful search for the baby was made near Martha's Vineyard. The search was later repeated. Condon was positive that he would recognize "John" if he ever saw him again. On May 12, , the body of the kidnapped baby was accidentally found, partly buried, and badly decomposed, about four and a half miles southeast of the Lindbergh home, 45 feet from the highway, near Mount Rose, New Jersey, in Mercer County.
The discovery was made by William Allen, an assistant on a truck driven by Orville Wilson. The head was crushed, there was a hole in the skull and some of the body members were missing. The body was positively identified and cremated at Trenton, New Jersey, on May 13, The Coroner's examination showed that the child had been dead for about two months and that death was caused by a blow on the head. On March 2, , after a conference with the Attorney General, J. He officially informed the organization that the U.
Department of Justice would afford Colonel H. Norman Schwarzkopf, the Superintendent of the New Jersey State Police, the assistance and cooperation of the FBI in bringing about the apprehension of the parties responsible for the kidnapping. He advised the New Jersey State Police that they could call upon the Bureau for any facilities or resources which the latter might be capable of extending.
During the next few weeks the Bureau was acting merely in an auxiliary capacity, there being no Federal jurisdiction. However, on May 13, , the President directed that all governmental investigative agencies should place themselves at the disposal of the State of New Jersey and that the FBI should serve as a clearinghouse and coordinating agency for all investigations in this case conducted by Federal investigative units.
A close watch for ransom money was requested. In compliance with a request made by Colonel Schwarzkopf, copies of this notice of reward were forwarded by the FBI to all law enforcement officials and agencies throughout the United States. On June 10, , Violet Sharpe, a waitress in the home of Mrs.
Lindbergh's mother, Mrs. Dwight Morrow, who had been under investigation by the authorities, committed suicide by swallowing poison when she was about to be requestioned. However, her movements on the night of March 1, , had been carefully checked and it was soon definitely ascertained that she had no connection with the abduction.
In September, , President Franklin D. Roosevelt stated in a meeting with J. Edgar Hoover that all work on the case be centralized in the Department of Justice. On October 19, , it was officially announced that the FBI would have exclusive jurisdiction in so far as the Federal Government was concerned in the handling of any investigative features of the case. Therefore, this phase of the investigation was emphasized.
On January 17, , a circular letter was issued by the New York City Bureau Office to all banks and their branches in New York City, requesting an extremely close watch for the ransom certificates and, in February, , all Bureau Offices were supplied with copies of the Bureau's revised pamphlet containing the serial numbers of ransom bills.
The New York City Bureau Office distributed copies of this pamphlet to each employee handling currency in banks, clearinghouses, grocery stores in certain selected communities, insurance companies, gasoline filling stations, airports, department stores, post offices, and telegraph companies.
Following the distribution of these booklets containing the serial number of the ransom currency, there were also prepared and similarly distributed by the Bureau currency key cards which, in convenient form, set forth the inclusive serial numbers of all of the ransom notes which had been paid. This was followed by frequent personal contacts with bank officials and with individual employees in an effort to keep alive their interest.
Therefore, arrangements were effected whereby investigation of all such ransom bills detected in the future could be immediately conducted jointly by representatives of the three interested agencies. One of the by-products of the case was a mass of misinformation received from well-meaning but uninformed, highly imaginative individuals, and a deluge of letters written by demented persons, publicity seekers, and frauds.
It was essential, however, that all possible clues, regardless of the prospect of success, be carefully followed, and it was impossible in the vast majority of instances to determine at the inception whether they would be material or false. On March 4, , a con man named Gaston B. Means was approached by Mrs. McLean had become acquainted with Means as a result of some investigative work which means had performed for her husband some years before. Means informed her that he felt certain he could secure a contact with the kidnappers inasmuch as he had been invited to participate in a "big kidnapping" some weeks before but had declined.
Means claimed that his friend was responsible for the Lindbergh kidnapping. The following day, Means reported to Mrs. McLean that he had made a contact with the persons who had the child. He successfully induced Mrs. Until April 17, , he kept Mrs.
McLean waiting, daily expecting the return of the child. During this period, he purported to be effecting negotiations with the alleged leader of the kidnappers, whom he called "The Fox. Means and "The Fox," who was found to be Norman T. Whitaker, a disbarred Washington attorney, were apprehended, and Means was later convicted of embezzlement and larceny after trust, and sentenced to serve fifteen years in a Federal penitentiary.
Whitaker and Means were later convicted of conspiracy to defraud, and were sentenced to serve two years each in a Federal penitentiary. There were other attempted frauds which required extensive investigations before they could be completely eliminated from consideration in connection with the Lindbergh case. In all, there were literally thousands of leads in all sections of the United States which were followed to their definite conclusions by the Bureau. The results of all these investigations, no matter how trivial, were reported.
The activities of the known and suspected members of the so-called "Purple Gang" of Detroit, and various rumors and allegations concerning this gang were carefully and thoroughly investigated. Numerous registries of boats were examined in a fruitless endeavor to locate the boat "Nellie," on which the baby was to have been found according to the 13th and last ransom note handed to Dr. Condon at the time he paid the ransom money to "John. Records of cemetery employees who were employed in various cemeteries in certain sections of New York City and near Hopewell, New Jersey, were examined.
Information accumulated in various other kidnapping and extortion cases handled by the FBI was examined in closest detail and studied with particular reference to any bearing they might have upon the solution of the Lindbergh case. Hundreds of photographs and descriptive data of known criminals of all types and other possible suspects were exhibited to the few eye-witnesses in this case in an endeavor to identify the mysterious "John. On May 2, , the Federal Reserve Bank of New York discovered ten-dollar gold certificates, and one twenty- dollar gold certificate, all Lindbergh ransom notes.
These bills were included among the currency received at the Federal Reserve Bank on May 1, , and apparently had been made in one deposit. Immediately upon the discovery of these bills, deposit tickets at the Federal Reserve Bank for May 1, , were examined.
One was found bearing the name and address of "J. Despite extensive investigation, this depositor was never located. Examination of the ransom notes by handwriting experts resulted in a virtually unanimous opinion that all the notes were written by the same person and that the writer was of German nationality but had spent some time in America.
Condon described "John" as Scandinavian, and believing he could identify the man, spent considerable time in viewing the numerous photographs of possible suspects and known criminals. In this connection, the FBI retained the services of an artist to prepare a portrait of "John" from descriptions furnished by Dr. Condon and Joseph Perrone, the taxi cab driver who had delivered one of the ransom letters to Dr.
In a further endeavor to identify the individual who received the ransom payment, representatives of the New York City Bureau Office engaged Dr. Condon to prepare a transcript of all conversations had by him with "John" on March 12 and April 2, , the dates on which Dr.
Condon personally contacted the kidnapper in order to negotiate the return of the child and the payment of the ransom. These conversations were, during March, , transcribed in detail on phonograph records by Dr.
Condon who imitated the pronunciations and dialect of "John. Another interesting attempt to identify the kidnapper centered around the ladder used in the crime. Police quickly realized that it was crudely built, but built nonetheless by someone familiar with wood who was mechanically inclined.
The ladder had been thoroughly examined for fingerprints and had been exhibited to builders, carpenters, and neighbors of the Lindberghs in vain. Slivers of the ladder even had been analyzed, and the types of wood used in the ladder had been identified. Perhaps a complete examination of the ladder by itself by a wood expert would yield additional clues, and in early , such an expert was called in -- Arthur Koehler of the Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
Koehler disassembled the ladder and painstakingly identified the types of wood used and examined tool marks. He also looked at the pattern made by nailholes, for it appeared likely that some wood had been used before in indoor construction.
Koehler made field trips to the Lindbergh estate and to factories to trace some of the wood. He summarized his findings in a report, and later played a critical role in the trial of the kidnapper. For a period of seven months prior to August 20, , no gold certificates were discovered except for those received in the Federal Reserve Bank, previously mentioned. Starting on August 20, , and extending into September, a total of sixteen gold certificates were discovered, most of them in the vicinity of Yorkville and Harlem.
The long-awaited opportunity had finally arrived. As each bill was recovered, a colored pin marking the location of the recovered bill was inserted in a large map of the Metropolitan Area, thus indicating the movements of the individual or individuals who might be passing the ransom money.
When the first few made their appearance, it was decided to concentrate on gold certificates, as experience had proven the futility of tracing the ordinary currency included in the ransom money. In keeping with the cooperative policy previously established with the New Jersey State Police and the New York City Police Department, teams composed of a representative of each of these police agencies and a Special Agent of the Bureau were organized to personally contact all banks in Greater New York and Westchester County.
As a result, the various neighborhood banks discovered the bills close to the point at which they were passed, and it then became possible for the investigators to trace the bills to the person who had originally passed them.
For the first time in the history of the case, the investigators succeeded in finding that the description of the individual passing these bills fit exactly that of "John" as described by Dr. It was determined through the investigation that the bills were being passed principally at corner produce stores. It was soon ascertained that this bill had been received at the bank from a gasoline station located at th Street and Lexington Avenue, New York City.
On September 15, , an alert attendant had received a bill in payment for five gallons of gasoline from a man whose description fitted closely that of the individual who had passed other bills in recent weeks. The filling station attendant, being suspicious of the ten-dollar gold certificate, recorded on the bill the license number of the automobile driven by the purchaser. An appeal was argued on June 20, Supplemental briefs were filed on July 15, and the appeal was denied on October 9, New Jersey Governor Harold G.
Hoffman secretly visited Hauptmann in his death row cell on the evening of October 16, , with Anna Bading, a stenographer and fluent speaker of German. Hoffman urged members of the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals, then the state's highest court, to visit Hauptmann. In late January , while clearly stating he held no position on the guilt or innocence of Hauptmann, Governor Hoffman cited evidence the crime was not a "one person" job.
He then directed Col. Schwarzkopf to continue a thorough and impartial investigation into the kidnapping in an effort to bring all parties involved to justice. As time was quickly running out for Hauptmann, it became known among the press that on March 27, Governor Hoffman was considering a second reprieve of his death sentence, but was actively seeking advice concerning the legality of his right as governor to do so.
On March 30, , Hauptmann's second and final application asking for clemency from the New Jersey Board of Pardons was denied. The Governor would later announce this decision would be the final legal action in the case, and that he would not grant another reprieve. However, a postponement in the execution would occur once again when the Mercer County Grand Jury, investigating the confession and arrest of Paul Wendel, requested Warden Mark Kimberling for a delay. This final stay would come to an end when the Mercer County Prosecutor informed Kimberling the Grand Jury had adjourned after voting to discontinue its investigation concerning Wendel without any complaint charging him with murder.
On April 3, at p. Hauptmann's last meal consisted of coffee, milk, celery, olives, salmon salad, corn fritters, sliced cheese, fruit salad, and cake. Reporters present at the execution reported that he went to the electric chair without saying a word. He had addressed his last words to his spiritual advisor, Rev. James Matthiesen, minutes prior to being taken from his cell to the death chamber. He reportedly said, "Ich bin absolut unschuldig an den Verbrechen, die man mir zur Last legt", which Matthiesen told Gov.
Hoffman meant "I am absolutely innocent of the crime with which I am burdened. The memorial service there was religious two Lutheran pastors conducted the service in German and private under New Jersey law, public services were not permitted for felons, and Anna Hauptmann had agreed to this as a condition of receiving her husband's body and was attended by only six people the legal limit under New Jersey rules , but a crowd of over 2, gathered outside.
Hauptmann's widow had planned to return to Germany with the ashes. In the later part of the 20th century, the case against Hauptmann came under serious scrutiny. For instance, one item of evidence at his trial was a scrawled phone number on a board in his closet, which was the number of the man who delivered the ransom, Dr.
John F. A juror at the trial said this was the one item that convinced him the most, but a reporter later admitted he had written the number himself. It is also alleged that the eyewitnesses who placed Hauptmann at the Lindbergh estate near the time of the crime were untrustworthy including one legally blind man who had claimed to have seen Hauptmann near the Lindbergh home , and that neither Lindbergh nor the go-between who delivered the ransom initially identified Hauptmann as the recipient.
Raymond's Cemetery. He further stated that Hauptmann looked different such as he had different eyes, was heavier, had different hair and that "John" was actually dead because he had been murdered by his confederates. From a distance, while waiting in a car, Lindbergh heard the voice of "John" calling to Condon during the ransom dropoff but never saw him.
Although he testified before the Bronx grand jury that he heard only the words "hey doc" and that it would be very difficult to say he could pick a man by his voice, he identified Hauptmann's as having the same voice during his trial in Flemington. The police beat Hauptmann while in custody at the Greenwich Street Station. It has also been alleged that certain witnesses were intimidated, and some claim that the police planted or doctored evidence such as the ladder.
There are also allegations that the police doctored Hauptmann's time cards and ignored fellow workers who stated that Hauptmann was working the day of the kidnapping.
These and other findings prompted J. Edgar Hoover of the FBI to question the manner in which the investigation and the trial were conducted.
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